Typhoon Kalmaegi (2025): Rapid Report
Lincole Jiang, Victoria D. Lynch, G. Brooke Anderson, Robbie M. Parks
2025-11-17
Summary
Typhoon Kalmaegi, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Tino, was a powerful and highly destructive tropical cyclone that devastated portions of the Philippines and Vietnam. Based on IBTrACS data obtained 11/11/2025, which provides access to storms active within the last 7 days from 2025-11-01 06:00:00 to 2025-11-06 12:00:00 UTC, 22,976,542 people experienced tropical cyclone-force (>= 17.49 m/s) winds and 6,407,858 people experienced hurricane-force (>= 32.90 m/s) winds across the Philippines and Vietnam.
| Country | Population exposed (tropical cyclone-force) | Population exposed (hurricane-force) |
|---|---|---|
| Philippines | 18,432,347 | 5,452,803 |
| Vietnam | 4,544,194 | 955,055 |
However, when accounting for total population, we see that the percentage of population exposed is most extreme in Jamaica, where the entire population experienced tropical cyclone-force winds and nearly half experienced hurricane-force winds.
| Country | % Population exposed (tropical cyclone-force) | % Population exposed (hurricane-force) |
|---|---|---|
| Philippines | 16.7 | 4.9 |
| Vietnam | 4.7 | 1.0 |
The spatial extent of the impacts is illustrated in Figure 1, which maps exposure by wind intensity threshold at second administrative unit (ADM2, US county-equivalent) level along with storm track of Kalmaegi.
Figure 1: spatial distribution of exposure
Characterizing exposed areas
Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative deprivation (measured by population-weighted global Gridded Relative Deprivation Index, or GRDI, aggregated to ADM2 level) and population for each exposed area, categorized by exposure status.
Figure 2: Socioeconomic and population distribution of exposed areas
Furthermore, we list the top 20 areas affected (categorized by exposure status) with the most population:
- Note: GRDI, or relative deprivation values were classified into quartiles: 0-0.25 (low deprivation), 0.2501-0.5000 (moderately low), 0.5001-0.7500 (moderately high), and 0.7501-1.0 (high).